[206][207], The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission voted to make the lobby a city landmark on May 19, 1981, citing the historic nature of the first and second floors, as well as "the fixtures and interior components" of the upper floors. [340] The Empire State Building is the 28th-tallest in the world as of October 2017[update]. [e] Normally, a building of the Empire State's dimensions would be permitted to build up to 12 stories on the Fifth Avenue side, and up to 17 stories on the 33rd/34th Streets side, before it would have to utilize setbacks. [310] However, in 2016, New York City's official tourism website, NYCgo.com, made note of only three lines: the security check line, the ticket purchase line, and the second elevator line. The unidentified twin-engine plane scraped past the observation deck, scaring the tourists there. [82] The plan was to start construction later that year but, on October 24, the New York Stock Exchange experienced the major and sudden Wall Street Crash, marking the beginning of the decade-long Great Depression. [199][221][222][339] As of September 2020[update], it is the seventh-tallest building in New York City after One World Trade Center, 111 West 57th Street, Central Park Tower, One Vanderbilt, 432 Park Avenue, and 30 Hudson Yards. [199] An early-1970s proposal to dismantle the spire and replace it with an additional 11 floors, which would have brought the building's height to 1,494 feet (455 m) and made it once again the world's tallest at the time, was considered but ultimately rejected. [4] An account from that day stated that the view from the luncheon was obscured by a fog, with other landmarks such as the Statue of Liberty being "lost in the mist" enveloping New York City. [322], Since 1976, the spire has been lit in colors chosen to match seasonal events and holidays. [104][109], Afterward, work on the building's interior and crowning mast commenced. [103], By June 20, the skyscraper's supporting steel structure had risen to the 26th floor, and by July 27, half of the steel structure had been completed. [175][183] This became the new highest price for a single structure. [d] There is also a PATH station at 33rd Street and Sixth Avenue. Above the secondary entrances are triple windows, less elaborate in design than those on Fifth Avenue. [305] There are variable charges to enter the observatories; one ticket allows visitors to go as high as the 86th floor, and there is an additional charge to visit the 102nd floor. Around four million tourists from around the world annually visit the building's 86th and 102nd floor observatories; an additional indoor observatory on the 80th floor opened in 2019. [213] A settlement was reached in 1994, in which the Empire State Building Associates agreed to add ADA-compliant elements, such as new elevators, ramps, and automatic doors, during its ongoing renovation. At the top would be a conical roof and the 102nd-floor docking station. Police responded to a reported bomb threat at the Empire State Building in New York on Sunday, December 27.. [233] The Empire State Building won the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Gold for Existing Buildings rating in September 2011, as well as the World Federation of Great Towers' Excellence in Environment Award for 2010. [282] The relief, which was intended to provide a welcoming effect,[283] contains an embossing of the building's outline, accompanied by what the Landmarks Preservation Commission describes as "the rays of an aluminum sun shining out behind [the building] and mingling with aluminum rays emanating from the spire of the Empire State Building". "[204], As an icon of the United States, it is also very popular among Americans. The Empire State was not a typical tower of 600 to 800 feet: its 86 th floor leveled off at 1,050 feet and the tip of its mooring-mast spire reached the altitude of 1,250 feet/ 381 meters. [143] On the 102nd floor (formerly the 101st floor), there is a door with stairs ascending to the 103rd floor (formerly the 102nd). It also praised the 3,000,000 square feet (280,000 m2) of proposed floor space near "one of the busiest sections in the world". faridnyc View Public Profile Although the 18,000-psi regulation had been safely enacted in other cities, Mayor Jimmy Walker did not sign the new codes into law until March 26, 1930, just before construction was due to commence. To reduce the spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) in New York City, all NYPL locations are temporarily closed until further notice. 350 Fifth Avenue, Concourse Suite 100 - New York, New York 10118 USA, Empire State Inc. (John Jakob Raskob, Coleman du Pont, Pierre S. du Pont, Louis G. Kaufman and Ellis P. Earle) and Alfred E. Smith, 1,454 Feet, 8 9/166 inches (or 443.2 meters). [331] The computer-controlled system allows the building to be illuminated in ways that were unable to be done previously with plastic gels. [208] The building became a National Historic Landmark in 1986[10] in close alignment to the New York City Landmarks report. Real estate developer Seymour Durst recalled that the building was so underused in 1936 that there was no elevator service above the 45th floor, as the building above the 41st floor was empty except for the NBC offices and the Raskob/Du Pont offices on the 81st floor. Some of the levels were still undergoing final approval, with several orders placed within an hour of a plan being finalized. Below are the facts and information on the Empire State Building. Renovations to the lobby in 2009, such as replacing the clock over the information desk in the Fifth Avenue lobby with an anemometer and installing two chandeliers intended to be part of the building when it originally opened, revived much of its original grandeur. [267] The building also contains 6,514 windows. [71][53], The contractors were Starrett Brothers and Eken, Paul and William A. Starrett and Andrew J. Eken,[72] who would later construct other New York City buildings such as Stuyvesant Town, Starrett City and Trump Tower. It was expected that a taller broadcast tower in Bayonne, New Jersey, or Governors Island, would be built in the meantime with the Empire State Building being used as a "backup" since signal transmissions from the building were generally of poorer quality. Once you’ve purchased your tickets, make your way through our collection of 12 interactive exhibits showcasing the rich history of the Empire State Building. [256], The facade of the tower stories is split into several vertical bays on each side, with windows projecting slightly from the limestone cladding. In total, the renovation had cost $165 million and taken four years to finish. [112], In addition to the time constraint builders had, there were also space limitations because construction materials had to be delivered quickly, and trucks needed to drop off these materials without congesting traffic. [179] That same year, six news companies formed a partnership to pay a combined annual fee of $600,000 to use the building's antenna,[174] which was completed in 1953. When buying tickets, you can opt for regular tickets or express tickets. [50] The 1916 Zoning Act forced Lamb to design a structure that incorporated setbacks resulting in the lower floors being larger than the upper floors. The building has a roof height of 1,250 feet (380 m) and stands a total of 1,454 feet (443.2 m) tall, including its antenna. [49][76] The tight completion schedule necessitated the commencement of construction even though the design had yet to be finalized. Do you need more information about this … [92], The structural steel was pre-ordered and pre-fabricated in anticipation of a revision to the city's building code that would have allowed the Empire State Building's structural steel to carry 18,000 pounds per square inch (120,000 kPa), up from 16,000 pounds per square inch (110,000 kPa), thus reducing the amount of steel needed for the building. [316][317] After the World Trade Center terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the ride was closed. [27], The site was previously owned by John Jacob Astor of the prominent Astor family, who had owned the site since the mid-1820s. At the time, its tenants collectively received 35,000 pieces of mail daily. [204] The 102nd floor was again redesigned in a project that was completed in 2019. Like New York City's Empire State Building, the hotel's Empire Tower was the tallest building in the city in the early 2000s. [246][247] An observatory on the 80th floor, opened in 2019, includes various exhibits as well as a mural of the skyline drawn by British artist Stephen Wiltshire. [2] John W. Bowser was the construction superintendent of the project,[75] and the structural engineer of the building was Homer G. [86][122][123] Hine's images were used extensively by the media to publish daily press releases. [274][53] Additional elevators connect the 80th floor to the six floors above it, as the six extra floors were built after the original 80 stories were approved. [164][165] The near-disaster scuttled plans to turn the building's spire into an airship terminal, although one blimp did manage to make a single newspaper delivery afterward. The company's president, Floyd De L. Brown, paid $100,000 of the $1 million down payment required to start construction on the building, with the promise that the difference would be paid later. [126] The writer Benjamin Flowers states that the Empire State was "a building intended to celebrate a new America, built by men (both clients and construction workers) who were themselves new Americans. In a 2007 survey, the American Institute of Architects found that the Empire State Building was "America's favorite building". "[95] The facade, too, used a variety of material, most prominently Indiana limestone but also Swedish black granite, terracotta, and brick. At the top of each doorway is a bronze motif depicting one of three "crafts or industries" used in the building's construction—Electricity, Masonry, and Heating. [106][107] The steel structure was topped out at 1,048 feet (319 m) on September 19, twelve days ahead of schedule and 23 weeks after the start of construction. Other factors included low-flow bathroom fixtures, green cleaning supplies, and use of recycled paper products. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFDouglas2004 (, seventh-tallest building in New York City, ninth-tallest completed skyscraper in the United States, fifth-tallest freestanding structure in the Americas, U.S. National Register of Historic Places, New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, tallest freestanding structure in the world, Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), fifth-tallest completed skyscraper in the United States, sixth-tallest freestanding structure in the Americas, List of buildings with 100 floors or more, List of National Historic Landmarks in New York City, List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets, List of tallest freestanding steel structures, National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets, Landmarks Preservation Commission Interior 1981, "Empire State Building unveils new entrance, lobby", "Empire State Tower, Tallest In World, Is Opened By Hoover; The Highest Structure Raised By The Hand Of Man", Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, "Gunman shoots former co-worker near Empire State Building, is shot by police", "South of Midtown Manhattan, Bargain Commercial Rents", "Midtown South: Living Where the Action Is", "14 weird facts that you probably didn't know about the Empire State Building", "The plane crash of '45, more Empire State Building secrets", "One World Trade Center Won't Get an Exclusive Zip Code: USPS Officials", New York City Department of Housing Preservation and Development, "Manhattan Adding 63 ZIP Codes; Empire State Gets Own Code", "Living in Koreatown Exotic Flavor, Beyond Just the Food", "MTA Neighborhood Maps: Herald Square / Murray Hill", "Coleman Du Pont Purchases The Waldorf–Astoria; Sale of Hotel Announced by George C. Boldt, Who Relinquishes Control Today", "Largest Office Building to Replace Waldorf-Astoria", "FACTBOX-History of New York's Empire State Building", "Smith To Help Build Highest Skyscraper; Ex-Governor Heads Group That Will Put 80-Story Office Building on Waldorf Site", "Enlarges Site For 1,000-foot Building; Empire State Adds 75 Feet in 33d Street to the Waldorf Hotel Plot", "Smith Skyscraper Has a Novel Design; Setbacks of the Empire State Building Will Begin With the Sixth Story", "Razing Of Waldorf Started By Smith; Ceremony on Roof Marks the Beginning of Demolition of Historic Hotel", "Approves $27,500,000 For Smith Project; Metropolitan Life Grants Loan to the Empire State Building Company", "Steel Contract Let; Empire State Building to Require Total of 50,000 Tons", "Excavating Finished For Smith Building; Steel Construction on Empire State Structure Here Will Begin on March 15", "Standards For Steel Eased In New City Law; Bill Signed by Walker Allows 18,000-Pound Stress to the Square Inch", "Greatest Skyscraper Rises On A Clockwork Schedule; The Empire State Building Soars Upward, as a Modern Army Daily, Defeats Time, Far Above the Throngs on Fifth Avenue", "Smith Lays Stone For Tallest Tower; 5,000 Witness Ceremony as Former Governor Wields Trowel at Empire State Building", "Workers Raise Flag 1,048 Feet Above Fifth Av. [126][135][203] In 2013, Time magazine noted that the Empire State Building "seems to completely embody the city it has become synonymous with". [223] The attacks also led to an increase in security due to persistent terror threats against New York City landmarks. [229] The north corridor contained eight illuminated panels created in 1963 by Roy Sparkia and Renée Nemorov, in time for the 1964 World's Fair, depicting the building as the Eighth Wonder of the World alongside the traditional seven. The Empire State Building is a steel-framed skyscraper rising 102 stories that was completed in New York City in 1931 and was the tallest building in the world until 1971. [377] The elevator fell from the 44th floor to the fourth floor, where a narrowed elevator shaft provided a second safety system. [242] The new lobby also features free Wi-Fi provided for those waiting. without the antenna). After the death of its founding proprietor, George Boldt, in early 1918, the h… [109] The mooring mast topped out on November 21, two months after the steelwork had been completed. [166] One engine completely penetrated the building, landing on the roof of a nearby building where it started a fire that destroyed a penthouse. [343], The Empire State Building has been hailed as an example of a "wonder of the world" due to the massive effort expended during construction. [40][41][42] The name came from the state nickname for New York. The five-story base occupies the entire lot, while the 81-story tower above it is set back sharply from the base. [46], A structural steel contract was awarded on January 12, 1930,[85] with excavation of the site beginning ten days later on January 22,[86] before the old hotel had been completely demolished. They leased the 85th floor and built a laboratory there. #7 of 525 Sights & Landmarks in New York City. [143], Broadcasting began at the Empire State Building on December 22, 1931, when NBC and RCA began transmitting experimental television broadcasts from a small antenna erected atop the mast, with two separate transmitters for the visual and audio data. [279][h] At the west end of the lobby is an aluminum relief of the skyscraper as it was originally built (i.e. Empire Tower, The hub of Sathorn CBD Bangkok With a total over 350,000 square meters, Empire Tower is the largest office complex in Thailand. Dover Traction/Hydraulic Elevators-Empire Tower-New York Hotel-Las Vegas, NV - Duration: 2:52. The Empire State Building displayed the world-famous tower lights in red and white to celebrate the announcement of DeVonta Smith, a wide receiver from the University of Alabama, as the winner of the 2020 Heisman Trophy. [234] For the LEED Gold certification, the building's energy reduction was considered, as was a large purchase of carbon offsets. [80][81], By the time the hotel's demolition started, Raskob had secured the required funding for the construction of the building. [156], Per the original plans, the Empire State Building's spire was intended to be an airship docking station. [66] Four colossal columns, intended for installation in the center of the building site, were delivered; they would support a combined 10,000,000 pounds (4,500,000 kg) when the building was finished. [104] On September 10, as steelwork was nearing completion, Smith laid the building's cornerstone during a ceremony attended by thousands. [242] The new lobby includes several technological features, including large LED panels, digital ticket kiosks in nine languages, and a two-story architectural model of the building surrounded by two metal staircases. [289], The final stage of the building was the installation of a hollow mast, a 158-foot (48 m) steel shaft fitted with elevators and utilities, above the 86th floor. [239] The trust's president John Kessler called it an "endorsement of the company's irreplaceable assets". Whether you’re in town for a week or a day, no visit to NYC is complete without experiencing everything that the Empire State Building has to offer! ESB is composed of 200,000 cubic feet of Indiana limestone and granite, 10 million bricks, and 730 tons of aluminum and stainless steel. [397], On the morning of August 24, 2012, 58-year-old Jeffrey T. Johnson shot and killed a former co-worker on the building's Fifth Avenue sidewalk. [409], As an icon of New York City, the Empire State Building has been featured in various films, books, TV shows, and video games. [217] Trump had intended to have Empire State Building Associates evicted for violating the terms of their lease,[217] but was denied. [235], On April 30, 2012, One World Trade Center topped out, taking the Empire State Building's record of tallest in the city. An EMPIRE Experience Visiting Empire State Building in a new 360 view was on my top of the bucket list to do this year. [86] Small pier holes were sunk into the ground to house the concrete footings that would support the steelwork. [230][231] About $120 million was spent on improving the energy efficiency of the building, with the goal of reducing energy emissions by 38% within five years. The casino is critically acclaimed as one of the most prestigious in the city. [180] The following year, the American Society of Civil Engineers named the building one of the "Seven Modern Civil Engineering Wonders". [232] Its original 64 elevators, built by the Otis Elevator Company,[274] are located in a central core and are of varying heights, with the longest of these elevators reaching from the lobby to the 80th floor. [389], Only one person has jumped from the upper observatory. [253] It was designated as a National Historic Landmark in 1986. [287] The Empire State Building also became a standard of reference for the height and length of other structures globally, both natural and man-made. It is the fifth-tallest completed skyscraper in the United States behind the two other tallest buildings in New York City, as well as the Willis Tower and Trump International Hotel and Tower in Chicago. [322] New red, white, and blue metal-halide lights were installed in time for the country's bicentennial that July. [100], According to official fact sheets, the Empire State Building weighs 365,000 short tons (331,122 t) and has an internal volume of 37 million cubic feet (1,000,000 m3). [241] Other foreign entities that have a stake in the ESRT include investors from Norway, Japan, and Australia. Chappell called the mast "a silly gesture" and Lewis Mumford called it "a public comfort station for migratory birds". [212] The observatory renovation was added after disability rights groups and the United States Department of Justice filed a lawsuit against the building in 1992, in what was the first lawsuit filed by an organization under the new law. [139][126] By 1936, the observation deck was crowded on a daily basis, with food and drink available for purchase at the top,[152] and by 1944 the building had received its five-millionth visitor. RE-IMAGED OBSERVATORY EXPERIENCE [270] The amount of material used in the building's construction resulted in a very stiff structure when compared to other skyscrapers, with a structural stiffness of 42 pounds per square foot (2.0 kPa) versus the Willis Tower's 33 pounds per square foot (1.6 kPa) and the John Hancock Center's 26 pounds per square foot (1.2 kPa). [293] The mast serves as the base of the building's broadcasting antenna. "[121] The architectural critic Jonathan Glancey refers to the building as an "icon of American design". [300] Eleven television stations and twenty-two FM stations had signed 15-year leases in the building by May 2003. [267] The interior required 1,172 miles (1,886 km) of elevator cable and 2 million feet (609,600 m) of electrical wires. [124] According to the writer Jim Rasenberger, Hine "climbed out onto the steel with the ironworkers and dangled from a derrick cable hundreds of feet above the city to capture, as no one ever had before (or has since), the dizzy work of building skyscrapers". The bays are arranged into sets of one, two, or three windows on each floor. Prize; Association Gives Its Medal and Diploma for Building's Architectural Excellence", "Neighborhood Report: Midtown; A Fixture at the Empire State", "Jack Brod, Early Tenant of Skyscraper, Dies at 98", "British Flier, on Wedding Trip, Gets Bond As 5,000,000th Empire State Tower Visitor", "Broadcast Antennas On The Empire State Building", "Throng Strains Necks as Blimp Tries to Kiss Empire State Mast", "Blimp Moored to Tower of Empire State Building", "Moors to Empire State; Small Dirigible Makes Brief Contact While Traffic Is Jammed Below", "Appraiser's 'Inside' Helped Sell Empire State Building", "Empire State Building Has a Tangled History", "Ben Tobin, 92, Investor in Hotels And in Real Estate", "Ben Tobin, Bought Or Built Notable Broward Buildings", "Empire State Building Will Change Hands", "Deal Is Closed On Empire State; Col. Henry Crown Increases His Ownership to 100% in Famed Office Structure", "Empire State Building Given Special Award", "Empire State Sold; Price Is 65 Million; Empire State Building Bought By Syndicate for $65,000,000", "New Buyer to Sell Empire State To Prudential in Leaseback Deal", "Tower at Empire State Getting First Cleaning", "Top of the Empire State To Get New Floodlights", "World Trade Center Becomes World's Highest Building By 4 Feet", "Trade Center 'Topped Out' With Steel Column 1,370 Feet Above Street", "355 Million World Trade Center Backed by Port Authority Study; 355 Million World Trade Center Backed by Port Authority Study", "Jackhammers Bite Pavement to Start Trade Center Job", "World Trade Center tower surpasses Empire State", "Timeline: World Trade Center chronology", "No Longer The Tallest, 'Most Famous' Building in World", "Trump Plans Revitalization of Empire State Building", "Perspectives; The Empire State Building's Two-Front Campaign", "Advocates of Disabled File Complaint About the Empire State Building", "Donald Trump's Failed and Fraught Attempt to Own the Empire State Building", "Company News; Trump Sues Empire State Building Management Company", "Helmsley, in a Countersuit Against Trump, Alleges a Conspiracy as Big as the Empire State", "With Helmsley Death, Wife Faces Battle for Empire", "1 World Trade Center Will Reclaim the Sky in Lower Manhattan", "It's official: 1 WTC is New York's new tallest building", "Terror Makes All the World A Beat for New York Police", "Partnership in Deal for Empire State Building", "Making Sense of New York, From 86 Stories Up; Views From the Empire State Building, Mapped Out in Steel", "Helmsley Caves In – Empire State Bldg. Most sources state that there are 102 floors. [240] The investment has been described by the real-estate magazine The Real Deal as "an unusual move for a sovereign wealth fund", as these funds typically buy direct stakes in buildings rather than real estate companies. [125] These images were later organized into their own collection. [332] For instance, on November 6, 2012, CNN used the top of the Empire State Building as a scoreboard for the 2012 United States presidential election. Construction started on March 17, 1930, and the building opened thirteen and a half months afterward on May 1, 1931. These stations are respectively served by: As per the 1916 Zoning Act, the wall of any given tower that faces a street could only rise to a certain height, proportionate to the street's width, at which point the building had to be set back by a given proportion. [388] A 7-foot (2.1 m) mesh fence was put up around the 86th floor terrace in December 1947 after five people tried to jump during a three-week span in October and November of that year. From our 86th-floor observation deck you can watch “the city that never sleeps” awaken. [155][294] Specifically, NBC wanted to install more TV equipment in the room where Armstrong's transmitter was located. The greater height of the Twin Towers would reflect radio waves broadcast from the Empire State Building, eventually resulting in some broadcasters relocating to the newer towers instead of suing the developer, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. [396] Kamal reportedly committed the shooting in response to events happening in Palestine and Israel. [28][29] In 1893, John Jacob Astor Sr.'s grandson William Waldorf Astor opened the Waldorf Hotel on the site;[30][31] four years later, his cousin, John Jacob Astor IV, opened the 16-story Astoria Hotel on an adjacent site. [87] Two twelve-hour shifts, consisting of 300 men each, worked continuously to dig the 55-foot (17 m) foundation. Empire tower is nearest the pool but furthest frim the Strip and Crosswalks. He killed one person and wounded six others before committing suicide. [79] Most of the wood was deposited into a woodpile on nearby 30th Street or was burned in a swamp elsewhere. [174] In 1965, a separate set of FM antennae was constructed ringing the 103rd floor observation area to act as a master antenna. [32] In 1976, the businessman Douglas Leigh suggested that Wien and Helmsley install 204 metal-halide lights, which were four times as bright as the 1,000 incandescent lights they were to replace. [400], Early architectural critics also focused on the Empire State Building's exterior ornamentation. [321] In February 1964, flood lights were added on the 72nd floor[187] to illuminate the top of the building at night so that the building could be seen from the World Fair later that year. [70] The latter was also losing revenue during this period, particularly as a number of broadcast stations had moved to the World Trade Center in 1971; although the Port Authority continued to pay the broadcasting leases for the Empire State until 1984. [365][372] The other engine and part of the landing gear plummeted down an elevator shaft causing a fire, which was extinguished in 40 minutes. [405] After the construction of the first World Trade Center, architect Paul Goldberger noted that the Empire State Building "is famous for being tall, but it is good enough to be famous for being good. [216] Having secured a half-ownership of the land, Trump devised plans to take ownership of the building itself so he could renovate it, even though Helmsley and Malkin had already started their refurbishment project. [1][242] The first phase of the renovation, completed in 2019, features an updated exterior lighting system and digital hosts. [60][61] Two days later, Smith announced the updated plans for the skyscraper. It was designed by Shreve, Lamb & Harmon and built from 1930 to 1931. [104] While construction progressed, the final designs for the floors were being designed from the ground up (as opposed to the general design, which had been from the roof down). A compass is located in the bottom right and a plaque to the building's major developers is on the bottom left. The fifth story contains windows alternating with wide and narrow mullions, and is topped by a horizontal stone sill. Frederick Eckert of Astoria ran past a guard in the enclosed 102nd floor gallery on November 3, 1932, and jumped a gate leading to an outdoor catwalk intended for dirigible passengers. [91] Around this time, Lamb held a press conference on the building plans. [335] The building's owners adhere to strict standards in using the lights; for instance, they do not use the lights to play advertisements. Our 86th Observation Deck, open daily from 8am-2am, offers the highest 360 degree open-air vantage point in New York City. [178] By this time, the Empire State had been fully leased for several years with a waiting list of parties looking to lease space in the building, according to the Cortland Standard. [304][282][250] The latter two observatories saw a combined average of four million visitors per year in 2010. [389][390] By then, sixteen people had died from suicide jumps. , both of the energy crisis at the time were Only slightly injured Eleven television stations and FM... Entire lot, while the visitors ' entrance is located at 350 Fifth Avenue movie King was! Of it all presentation lasted approximately 25 minutes, while the simulation was about eight minutes 322... Confronted the gunman, and blue metal-halide lights were shut off from his job in.. ] a 10,000-square-foot ( 930 m2 ) exhibit with nine galleries, in... 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