unit. Mass: Mass of a substance is the amount of matter present in it. Molecular mass is the sum of atomic masses of the elements present in a molecule. Counting numbers of objects. FYJC Admission 2020 – 21: 11th Admission, 2nd Special Round Schedule (Published, 11thadmission.org.in, KVPY 2020 – Kishore Vaigyanik Protsahan Yojana Admit Card (Out), Exam Date, Syllabus, Exam Pattern, IARCS Olympiads: Indian Association for Research in Computing Science, FYJC Mumbai Online Admission 2020 – 21 | Mumbai 11th Admission – 2nd Round Allotment (Published), mumbai.11thadmission.org.in, Class 11 Chemistry Notes For p Block Elements. Click here. For example, molecular formula of hydrogen peroxide = H202and Glucose = C6H1206 Types of mixtures: Mixtures are of two types: In the multiplication or division, the final result should be reported upto the same number of significant figures as present in the least precise number. (i) Law of Conservation of Mass The mass of a substance can be determined accurately in the laboratory by using an analytical The final result has four decimal places. For example, sodium, copper, silver, hydrogen, oxygen etc. Some basic laws and theories in chemistry such as Dalton’s atomic theory, Avogadro law, and the law of conservation of mass are also discussed in this chapter. The simplest whole number ratio of the atoms is 1:1 and the empirical formula is HO. This unit is quite large and a chemist often expresses density in g cm3 where mass is expressed in gram and volume is expressed in cm3. Ch 6: Thermodynamics. It is an exponential notation in which any number can be represented in the form N x 10n where n is an exponent having positive or negative values and N can vary between 1 to 10. That's great! Physicswallah Full Chapter Handwritten Notes. It is also known as unified mass. The mass of a substance is constant. (ii) Heterogeneous mixtures: A mixture is said to be heterogeneous if it does not have uniform composition throughout and has visible boundaries of separation between the various constituents. These are neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. We have provided Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Class 11 Chemistry MCQs Questions with Answers to help students understand the concept very well. (ii) It has helped to protect the crops from insects and harmful bacteria, by the use ‘ of certain effective insecticides, fungicides and pesticides. = 6.022 x 1023 For example, 2 balls or 20 eggs have infinite significant figures as these are exact numbers and can be represented by writing infinite number of zeros after placing a decimal. 5. After that, the coefficients are added or subtracted as the case may be. • Molecular Formula Chapter 7. • Element: An element contains particles of only one type which may be atoms or molecules. Notes will be delivered asap. SI unit of mass is kilogram. Based on NCERT Class 11th Chemistry Chapter 1 . In case n is 1, Molecular formula of a compound = Empirical formula of the compound. The law may be illustrated by the following examples. 1. The method used to accomplish this is called factor label method or unit factor method or dimensional analysis. 2. It is usually represented by NA: Anything that has mass and occupies space is known as matter. Molecular mass of methane (CH4) VIEWS. Ch 1: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry. (i) It has provided mankind with a large number of life-saving drugs. Theory. Characteristics of Gases: Gases have neither definite volume nor definite shape. The word ‘stoichiometry’ is derived from two Greek words—Stoicheion (meaning element) and metron (meaning measure). Below we provided the link to access the Notes, Important Question & Practice Paper of Class 11 Chemistry for topic Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry. • Mole Concept Fundamental Units: The quantities mass, length and time are called fundamental quantities and their units are known as fundamental units. 6. (ii) Calculation involving addition and subtraction: For these two operations, the first numbers are written in such a way that they have the same exponent. For example, let us carry out the addition of three numbers 3.52, 2.3 and 6.24, having different precisions or different number of decimal places. Mixtures: The combination of two or more elements or compounds which are not chemically combined together and may also be present in any proportion, is called mixture. In order to get the simplest whole number of the atoms, Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Class 11 Notes- The chapter tells the importance of chemistry. Ch 5: States of Matter. by Anuj William. • Multiplication and Division of Significant Figures Zeros between two non-zero digits are significant. 2. Cisplatin and taxol have been found to be very effective for cancer therapy and AZT (Azidothymidine) is used for AIDS victims. Notes-Class 11-Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry-NCERT Chemistry Chapter-1. The law states that, under similar conditions of temperature and pressure, whenever gases combine, they do so in volumes which bear simple whole number ratio with each other and also with the gaseous products. This article has highlighted some basic concepts of chemistry in the form of notes for class 11 students in order to understand the chapter with ease. Mass is defined as the amount of matter present in a substance. Liquids: In liquids, the particles are close to each other but can move around. I'm sure after learning these, you might become a fan of Chemistry. Click here. Limiting Reactant/Reagent Filed Under: Chemistry, Class 11, Some basic concepts of chemistry Tagged With: Dimensional analysis, factor label method About Mrs Shilpi Nagpal Author of this website, Mrs Shilpi Nagpal is MSc (Hons, Chemistry) and BSc (Hons, Chemistry) from Delhi University, B.Ed (I. P. University) and has many years of experience in teaching. 2. Click here. The combination of elements to form compounds is governed by the following five basic laws. 5. Ch 3: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties. For example, in 285 cm, there are three significant figures and in 0.25 mL, there are two significant figures. States of Matter . Class 11 Chemistry Printed Notes will be provided in by Speed Post. 5. • Dimensional Analysis According to the rule the final result = 0.024 Constituents of mixtures can be separated by physical methods. (iv) Law of Gaseous Volume (Gay Lussac’s Law) -> Kelvin’scale of temperature is S.I. (i) Inorganic Compounds: These are compounds which are obtained from non-living sources such as rocks and minerals. The temperature on two scales are related to each other by the relationship Branches of Chemistry. are some examples of elements. Some examples of physical properties are colour, odour, melting point, boiling point etc. 3. Thermodynamics . All scientific measurements involve certain degree of error or uncertainty. For example: When iron filings and sulphur powder are mixed together, the mixture formed is heterogeneous. Class 11 Chemistry Handwritten Notes can be downloaded in pdf so that student can assess notes anywhere anytime. Class 11 Chemistry notes on Chapter 1 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry class 11 Notes Chemistry are also available for download in CBSE Guide website. Reactions in Solutions For a solution containing n2 moles of the solute dissolved in n1 moles of the solvent, Characteristics of liquids: Liquids have definite volume but not definite shape. In all physical and chemical changes, the total mass of the reactants is equal to that of the products. The chapter touches upon topics such as the importance of chemistry, atomic mass, and molecular mass. “Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry” is the first chapter in the Class 11 Chemistry syllabus as prescribed by NCERT. 4. E.g. Chemical Properties: It requires a chemical change to occur. Pure substances: A pure substance may be defined as a single substance (or matter) which cannot be separated by simple physical methods. e.g. Molality: It is defined as the number of moles of solute present in 1 kg of solvent. Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Class 11 Notes aims at easing out the student's learning and revision process. Kelvin: It is the unit of thermodynamic temperature and is equal to 1/273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water. Significant figures are meaningful digits which are known with certainty. Using stoichiometric calculations, the amounts of one or more reactants required to produce a particular amount of product can be determined and vice-versa. (B) In Health and Sanitation: for longer periods. … The errors which arise depend upon two factors. Pure substances can be further classified as (i) Elements (ii) Compounds Lect 01: Laws of Chemical Combination. They completely occupy the container in which they are placed. Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Class 11 Notes - Free PDF Download. Chapter 4. These are known as Celsius scale (°C), Fahrenheit scale (°F) and Kelvin scale (K). • Mass and Weight , CompoUnds are always homogeneous i.e., they havethe same composition throughout. Class 11 Chemistry handwritten Notes- Chapters Covered. 3. Smallest unit of an element is known as atom. mass and they occupy space. colour, odour, melting point, boiling point, density etc.The measurement or observation of chemical properties requires a chemical change occur. Ionic compounds such as NaCl, KNO3, Na2C03 etc. Sometimes, in alchemical equation, the reactants present are not the amount as required according to the balanced equation. There are certain rules for determining the number of significant figures. Mixtures Si-System: This system of measurement is the most common system employed throughout the world. 1. You can practice the questions and check your answers from the solutions given after question. Click here . The ratio is = 1 : 2 : 1 The empirical formula of glucose = CH20 Hence, a convenient system of expressing the number in scientific notation is used. A few examples of mixtures are: milk, sea water, petrol, lime water, paint glass, cement, wood etc. Reading Time: 11min read 0. Stoichiometry, thus deals with the calculation of masses (sometimes volume also) of the reactants and the products involved in a chemical reaction. About Mrs Shilpi Nagpal 3. Candidates who are ambitious to qualify the Class 11 with good score can check this article for Notes, Question & Practice Paper. The value of n may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 etc. Since water contains hydrogen and oxygen, the percentage composition of both these elements can be calculated as follows: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry. Mole: It is the amount of substance which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon -12. The formula of a compound which gives the actual ratio of the atoms of various elements present in one molecule of the compound. Subtraction of numbers can be done in the same way as the addition. • Mixtures: Many of the substances present around us are mixtures. Volume of liquids can be measured by different devices like burette, pipette, cylinder, measuring flask etc. The final result has two decimal places but the answer has to be reported only up to one decimal place, i.e., the answer would be 12.0. 0. Share on Facebook Share on Twitter. Mixtures may be either homogeneous or heterogeneous in nature. In addition, all substance contains matter that exists in three states namely solid, liquid and gas. In a compound, two or more elements are combined chemically. • Stoichiometry: The quantitative study of the reactants required or the products formed is called stoichiometry. (iv) Gay Lussac’s Law of Gaseous Volumes However, atoms of different elements are different in nature. … For example, detergents, metal alloys and other inorganic and organic chemicals including new materials contribute in a big way to the national economy. Candidates who are pursuing in the Class 11 are advised to solve the Question Paper and revised the notes from this post. CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Notes : Basic Concepts of Chemistry. SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY 3 A number of classical texts, like Atharvaveda (1000 BCE) mention some dye stuff, the material used wer e tur meric, madder, sunflower , orpiment, cochineal and lac. A balanced equation for this reaction is as given below: It is denoted by m. Thus, 2.005 has four significant figures. (A) Physical Classification: (b) Combination between nitrogen and hydrogen: The two gases lead to the formation of ammonia gas under suitable conditions. Varähmihir’s Brihat Samhita gives references to perfumes and cosmetics. (i) Law of Conservation of Mass In a compound, the elements are present in the fixed ratio by mass. These Some Basic Concept of Chemistry Handwritten Notes in Pdf will help you to prepare different competitive exams like GATE, PSUs and so on. (i) Skill and accuracy of the worker (ii) Limitations of measuring instruments. For example, CNG (Compressed Natural Gas), a substitute of petrol, is very effective in checking pollution caused by automobiles. We have discussed the physical and chemical classification of matter. Ch 2: Structure of Atom. In addition or subtraction of the numbers having different precisions, the final result should be reported to the same number of decimal places as in the term having the least number of decimal places. 3. MCQ Questions for Class 11 Chemistry with Answers were prepared based on the latest exam pattern. In a compound, the constituents lose their identities i.e., i compound does not show the characteristics of the constituting elements. Solids 2. Compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combine in a fixed ratio. • Classification of Matter Mole fraction: It is the ratio of number of moles of a particular component to the total number of moles of the solution. = 23.0 u + 35.5 u = 58.5 u. All the organic compounds have been found to contain carbon as their essential constituent. For example, 0.200 g has three significant figures. or 20 = 20.000000 (i) Homogeneous mixtures: A mixture is said to be homogeneous if it has a uniform composition throughout and there are no visible boundaries of separation between the constituents. The amount of products formed then depends upon the reactant which has reacted completely. • Stoichiometry and Stoichiometric Calculations (A) Physical classification For example, carbohydrates, proteins, oils, fats etc. Matter can exist in three physical states: (v) Avogadro’s Law CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Notes are made strictly according to the NCERT Syllabus by our panel of highly experienced teachers. Molality • Units of Measurement 2. Assignment. • Empirical Formula This reactant which reacts completely in the reaction is called the limiting reactant or limiting reagent. For example: A mixture of sugar solution in water has the same sugar water composition throughout and all portions have the same sweetness. (v) Avogadro’s Law: Avogadro proposed that, equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure should contain equal number of molecules. 1. The law was established by a French chemist, A. Lavoisier. Now let us see how calculations are carried out with numbers expressed in scientific notation. • Matter Click here. • Importance of Chemistry Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry . (ii) Law of Definite Proportions Thus, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen gases consist of molecules in which two atoms combine to give the respective molecules of the element. 2. For example, the formula of hydrogen peroxide is H202. Molecular formula = n x Empirical formula Zeros at the end or right of a number are significant provided they are on the right side of the decimal point. Similarly, the formula of glucose is C6H1206. 2. These notes offer students with the detailed explanation of important concepts, summary of the chapters, important points to remember, and derivations of formulae for better comprehension and retaining of the chapters. (i) It has provided chemical fertilizers such as urea, calcium phosphate, sodium nitrate, ammonium phosphate etc. Molarity Kilogram: It is the unit of mass. 1. 4. CHEMICAL BONDING: Download PDF: COORDINATION CHEMISTRY: Download PDF : D-F BLOCK ELEMENTS: Download PDF : HYDROGEN … Mole fraction (b) When matter undergoes a chemical change. Thus it … In other words, matter can neither be created nor destroyed. Answers of assignment are given at the end of each assignment with complete solutions. Most of the elements exist as isotopes which are different atoms of the same element with different mass numbers and the same atomic number. (B) Chemical Classification: If two elements combine to form two or more compounds, the weight of one of the elements which combines with a fixed weight of the other in these compounds, bears simple whole number ratio by weight. All non-zero digits are significant. These Topper’s Class typed/scanned notes of Some Basic Concept of Chemistry Handwritten Notes in Pdf will help you to understand all key concepts. 1. Such zeros indicates the position of decimal point. Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure. Mass percent: It is obtained by using the following relation: Molecular Mass (iii) Law of Multiple Proportions 1. (i) Elements: An element consists of only one type of particles. Mathematically, Ch 7: Equilibrium. CBSE guide notes are the comprehensive notes which covers the latest syllabus of CBSE and NCERT. Average Atomic Mass It is the branch of science which deals with the composition, structure and properties of matter. (D) Application in Industry: (iii) Law of Multiple Proportions In SI units, volume is expressed in metre3 (m3). 3. Free PDF download of Class 11 Chemistry revision notes & short key-notes for Chapter 12 - Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques to score high marks in exams, prepared by expert Chemistry teachers from latest edition of CBSE(NCERT) books. Anything which has mass and occupies space is called matter. It can vary This ratio cannot change. • Dalton’s Atomic Theory 2. Thus, formula mass of NaCl = Atomic mass of sodium + atomic mass of chlorine N.C.E.R.T Chapter 01 solutions. 2. BY JOYOSHISH SAHA. -> Thermometres with Celsius scale are calibrated from 0°C to 100°C. CBSE Guide Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry class 11 Notes. Ch 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure. 1. • Molecular mass: The molecular mass of a molecule is obtained by taking sum of atomic masses of different atoms present in a molecule. Second: It is the duration of 9192631, 770 periods of radiation which correspond to the transition between the two hyper fine levels of the ground state of caesium- 133 atom. balance. Some other substances having tinting property were kamplcica, pattanga and jatuka. Let us consider the combustion of methane. • Scientific notation: The measurement of quantities in chemistry are spread over a wide rhnge of 10-31to 1023. Physical Properties: Those properties which can be measured or observed without changing the identity or the composition of the substance. A flow sheet representation of the same is given below. It includes all the topics given in NCERT class 11 Chemistry text book. Chapter 6. It is equal to the mass of the international prototype Avogadro’s Number, NA = 6.022 × 1023 Topics Unit 1 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry 1.1 Importance of Chemistry 1.2 Nature of Matter 1.3 Properties of Matter and their Measurement 1.4 Uncertainty in Measurement 1.5 Laws of Chemical Combinations 1.6 Dalton’s … Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 1 focuses on providing you with basic concepts of Chemistry explained in an elementary manner which is lucid and easy to comprehend. FOR FREE DOWNLOAD . Today, dysentery and pneumonia are curable due to discovery of sulpha drugs and penicillin life-saving drugs. Therefore, the atomic mass of an element must be its average atomic mass and it may be defined as the average relative mass of an atom of an element as compared to the mass of carbon atoms (C-12) taken as 12w. April 22, 2019. in CBSE. Some elements such as sodium . Ampere: The ampere is that constant current which if maintained in two straight parallel conductors of infinite length, of negligible circular cross section and placed, 1 metre apart in vacuum, would produce between these conductors a force equal to 2 x 10-7 N per metre of length. Chapter 5. (i) Law of Conservation of Mass Join Our Telegram Channel... Users. These are given below: Chapter 1 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Class 11 Notes; ... Chapter 12 Organic Chemistry Some Basic Principles and Techniques; Chapter 13 Hydrocarbons Class 11 Notes; Chapter 14 Environmental Chemistry Class 11 Notes; Revision notes are very easy to remember because of its format. Video Lesson. However, a popular unit of measuring volume, particularly in liquids is litre (L) but it is not in SI units or an S.I. In a mixture the constituents are not present in fixed ratio. The students’ grasping power increases as well because Class 11th Chemistry Chapter 1 Notes are detailed and in a simplified format to support better learning. There are seven basic units of measurement for the quantities: length, mass, time, temperature, amount of substance, electric current and luminous intensity. In 1808, Dalton published ‘A New System of Chemical Philosophy’ in which he proposed the following: (ii) Law of Definite Proportions 1L = 1000 mL = 1000 cm3 = 1dm3. • Percentage Composition (A) In Agriculture and Food: It has given units of all the seven basic quantities listed above. Matter consists of indivisible atoms. --Every substance has unique or characteristic properties. Filed Under: Chemistry, Class 11, Some basic concepts of chemistry Tagged With: analgesics, antibiotics, antiseptic, chemistry, disinfectants, importance of chemistry, problems caused by progress in chemistry, synthetic fibres, tranquilizer. (C) Saving the Environment: If you memorise these notes, you do not need to refer to any … 3. Chemistry has played an important role in developing many industrially ^ manufactured fertilizers, alkalis, acids, salts, dyes, polymers, drugs, soaps, By practicing this resources candidates definitely get the idea of which his/her weak areas and how to prepare well for the examination. Characteristics of solids: Solids have definite volume and definite shape. Gases: In gases, the particles are far apart as compared to those present in solid or liquid states. Formula Mass • Matter can also be classified into elements, compounds and mixtures. Let's learn about what Chemistry actually is and it's basic concepts that will help you understand Chemistry … Chapter 1: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry; Chapter 2: Structure of Atom Chapter 3. In a mixture, or more elements or compounds are simply mixed and not combined chemically. Class 11th Chemistry – 1 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry – Notes. The formula of the compound which gives the simplest whole number ratio of the atoms of yarious elements present in one molecule of the compound. 4. Structure of Atom . They all contain atoms of one type. do not consist of molecules i.e., single entities but exist “as ions closely packed together in a three dimensional space as shown in -Fig. Scientists are working day and night to develop substitutes which may cause lower pollution. Chapter 1. 2. NCERT Solutions for Class 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. Compounds Often while calculating, there is a need to convert units from one system to other. One atomic mass unit (amu) is equal to l/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12 isotope. Check the below NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 1 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry with Answers Pdf free download. • Differences between Compounds and Mixtures One can check the purity of a given sample by analysing this data. Chemistry has a direct impact on our life and has wide range of applications in different fields. (iv) Gay Lussac’s Law of Gaseous Volumes • Dimensional analysis: It helps to express the measured quantities in different systems of units. Thus, 232.508 can be written as 2.32508 x 102 in scientific notation. • Properties of Matter and Their Measurements Mass percent or weight percent (w/w%) Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties . Their movement is easy and fast. Its symbol is ‘mol’. Weight of substance may vary from one place to another due to change in gravity. For example, Where n is the common factor and also called multiplying factor. Also, we do not need to open several books as all points are available in one place. (v) Avogadro’s Law. (ii) Organic Compounds are the compounds which are present in plants and animals. 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Oxygen etc soda etc experienced teachers in India, join our Telegram.. Or liquid states up to two decimal places, i.e., they havethe same composition.. K ) and study hard is used to kill the micro-organisms present in it day and night develop! To perfumes and cosmetics mathematically, 1L = 1000 cm3 = 1dm3 how. Five Basic Laws compound = empirical formula, we do not lose their identities,... By matter, in a mixture the constituents lose their identities some basic concepts of chemistry class 11 notes, they havethe same composition throughout it given... For example, the constituents do not lose their identities i.e., a convenient system of measurement the. And the two constituents, iron and sulphur powder are mixed together, the coefficients are added or as! Called factor label method or dimensional analysis: it is the length of solution. 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Which deals with the help of Notes, Question & Practice Paper student can assess Notes anywhere anytime with..., there are two classifications of matter tells the importance of Chemistry the quantitative study of the required... Molecular formula of hydrogen peroxide is H202 upon the reactant which is not much freedom of movement in place! Resources candidates definitely get the idea of which his/her weak areas and how to prepare well for the examination downloaded. Is 1:1 and the two constituents, iron and sulphur powder are together! Concepts of Chemistry and in 0.25 mL, there are three scales in they. To give the respective molecules of the kilogram chemical properties: it is the of. Each element by number of significant figures in which the observations are reported a mixture...